Class: N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) Receptor Antagonist
Dosage Forms. Solution: 2 mg/mL; Tablet: 5 mg, 10 mg; Capsule, Extended Release: 7 mg, 14 mg, 21 mg
Common FDA Label Indication, Dosing, and Titration.
1. Alzheimer disease: 5 mg po daily, may titrate dose no more than once per week to target dose of 10 mg po bid
Off-Label Uses. None
MOA. Activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors by glutamate is believed to contribute to the symptomatology of Alzheimer disease. Memantine is believed to act as an uncompetitive (open-channel) NMDA receptor antagonist that binds preferentially to the NMDA receptor-operated cation channels. There is no evidence that memantine prevents or slows neurodegeneration in patients with Alzheimer disease.
Drug Characteristics: Memantine
Medication Safety Issues: Memantine
Drug Interactions: Memantine. None known.
Adverse Reactions: Memantine
Efficacy Monitoring Parameters. Improvement in cognitive function and ability to take part in activities of daily living.
Toxicity Monitoring Parameters. Seek medical attention if severe adverse effects occur; BP, eye exams, LFTs, electrolytes, SCr.
Key Patient Counseling Points. May be taken with or without food.
Clinical Pearls. There is sparse evidence that this product is clinically effective in the treatment of Alzheimer disease. It may slow progression but does not reverse or improve symptoms once present.