Class: Electrolyte, Potassium
Dosage Forms. Capsule, Extended Release: 8 mEq, 10 mEq; Powder for Solution: 20 mEq; Solution: 20 mEq/15 mL, 40 mEq/15 mL; Tablet, Extended Release: 8 mEq, 10 mEq, 15 mEq, 20 mEq
Common FDA Label Indication, Dosing, and Titration.
1. Hypokalemia: Adults, 20-100 mEq/d po divided 1-5 times daily after meals; Children, 3-8 mEq/d po divided 1-5 times daily after meals
2. Hypokalemia, prophylaxis: 20 mEq/d po daily
Off-Label Uses. None
MOA. Potassium is an electrolyte required for maintenance of the excitatory properties of neuromuscular tissues, and the resting membrane potential of cells is related to potassium concentrations, varying directly with the ratio of intracellular to extracellular potassium level.
Drug Characteristics: Potassium Chloride
Medication Safety Issues: Potassium Chloride
Drug Interactions: Potassium Chloride
Adverse Reactions: Potassium Chloride
Efficacy Monitoring Parameters. Monitor serum potassium and adjust dose to maintain serum potassium in the normal range 3.5-5 mEq/L.
Toxicity Monitoring Parameters. SCr, ECG if hypokalemic or hyperkalemic.
Key Patient Counseling Points. Take with food. Take the powder, granule, or oral liquid only after mixing in 4 ounces of water or juice. Crush or break only specifically designed extended-release formulations. Capsules may be opened, sprinkled on apple sauce, and ingested immediately.
Clinical Pearls. The total potassium content in a 70-kg male is approximately 3500 mEq. Some drugs (insulin, β-agonists) decrease potassium levels by causing an intracellular shift of potassium. If replacement does not normalize potassium level, check magnesium levels and calcium levels and replace as necessary.