Section Editor: Stanley Zaslau, MD, MBA, FACS
Abdominal Pain, Lower
Heading RC. Prevalence of upper gastrointestinal symptoms in the general population: A systematic review. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1999;231:3–8.
Acid Phosphatase Elevation
Scarnecchia L, Minisola S, Pacitti MT, et al. Clinical usefulness of serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity determination to evaluate bone turnover. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1991;51(6):517–524.
Acute Scrotum
Adapted from AUA University: Acute Scrotum (http://www.auanet.org/education/acute-scrotum.cfm) and The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne Clinical Practice Guidelines (http://www.rch.org.au/clinicalguide/guideline_index/Acute_Scrotal_Pain_or_Swelling/)
Addison Disease (Adrenocortical Insufficiency)
Reproduced with permission from Domino FJ, ed. The 5-Minute Clinical Consult 2009. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2010.
Adrenal Mass, Solid
Alkaline Phosphatase Elevation
Reust CE, Hall L. Clinical inquiries. What is the differential diagnosis of an elevated alkaline phosphatase (AP) level in an otherwise asymptomatic patient? J Fam Pract. 2001;50:496–497.
Anuria or Oliguria
Agrawal M, Swartz R. Acute renal failure. Am Fam Physician. 2000;61:2077–2088.
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