Abbreviations - Chapter 1 Introduction to Endocrinology
1,25 OHD3
1,25-hydroxycholecalciferol
25, OHD3
25-hydroxycholecalciferol
ACTH
Adrenocorticotropic hormone; corticotrophin
ADH
Antidiuretic hormone
ADP
Adenosine diphosphate
ANP
Atrial natriuretic peptide
AP1
Activating protein 1
ATP
Adenosine triphosphate
cAMP
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
CAR
Constitutive androstane receptor
CBG
Corticosteroid-binding globulin; transcortin
CCK
Cholecystokinin
CG
Chorionic gonadotropin
cGMP
Guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate
CGRH
Calcitonin gene-related hormone
COMT
Catechol-O-methyltransferase
CRH
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
CS
Chorionic somatomammotropin, placental lactogen
EGF
Epidermal growth factor
ELISA
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
ER
Estrogen receptor
ERE
Estrogen response element
ERK
Extracellular signal-repeated kinase
ERR
Estrogen-related receptor
FGF
Fibroblast growth factor
FSH
Follicle-stimulating hormone
GABA
Gamma-aminobutyric acid
GH
Growth hormone
GHRH
Growth hormone-releasing hormone
GnRH
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
GPR
G protein-coupled receptor
HRE
Hormone response element
IGF-I
Insulin-like growth factor-1
IGF-II
Insulin-like growth factor-2
JAK
Janus kinase
LDL
Low-density lipoprotein
LH
Luteinizing hormone
LXR
Liver X receptor
MAO
Monoamine oxidase
MAP
Mitogen-activated protein (kinase)
MCR
Melanocortin receptor
MEN
Multiple endocrine neoplasia
MODY
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young
MRI
Magnetic resonance imaging
mRNA
Messenger RNA
MSH
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
NF-κB
nuclear factor kappa B
PAS
Period gene, Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator, and Single-minded
PCR
Polymerase chain reaction
PDGF
Platelet-derived growth factor
PPAR
Peroxisomal-proliferator activated receptor
PRL
Prolactin
PTH
Parathyroid hormone
RFLP
Restriction fragment length polymorphism
RTH
Resistance to thyroid hormone
SHBG
Sex hormone-binding globulin
SHP
Short heterodimer partner
SP
Specificity protein
STAT
Signal transducer and activator of transcription
TBG
Thyroid hormone-binding globulin
T4
L-thyroxine
TGF
Transforming growth factor
TNF
Tumor necrosis factor
TR
Thyroid hormone receptor
TRH
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
TSH
Thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyrotropin
T3
L-3,5,3-triiodothyronine
VIP
Vasoactive intestinal pepetide
VMA
Vanillylmandelic acid
Abbreviations - Chapter 2 Hormone Synthesis & Release
ACAT
Acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyl-transferase
ACTH
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
ATP
Adenosine triphosphate
BIP
Immunoglobulin-binding protein
CBG
Corticosteroid-binding globulin
COMT
Catechol-O-methyltransferase
COP
Coat-associated protein
DHEA
Dehydroepiandrosterone
DHEAS
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate
EGF
Epidermal growth factor
ER
Endoplasmic reticulum
FSH
Follicle-stimulating hormone
GABA
Gamma-aminobutyric acid
GDP
Guanosine diphosphate
GTP
Guanosine triphosphate
HDL
High-density lipoprotein
HETE
Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid
HPETE
Hydroxyperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid
IGF
Insulin-like growth factor
LDL
Low-density lipoprotein
LH
Luteinizing hormone
MAO
Monoamine oxidase
M6P
Mannose-6-phosphate
NAC
Nascent chain-associated complex
NADPH
Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NMDA
N-Methyl-D-aspartate
NSF
N-Ethyl maleimide-sensitive factor
POMC
Proopiomelanocortin
SCP-2
Sterol carrier protein-2
SHBG
Sex hormone-binding globulin
SNAP
Soluble NSF-attachment protein
SRP
Signal recognition particle
StAR
Steroidogenic acute regulator
TBG
Thyroid hormone-binding globulin
TGN
Trans Golgi network
TRAM
Translocating chain-associated membrane protein
TSH
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
t-SNARE
Target membrane SNAP receptor
VMA
Vanillylmandelic acid
v-SNARE
Vesicle membrane SNAP receptor
Abbreviations - Chapter 3 Mechanisms of Hormone Action
ACTH
Adrenocorticotropin
AF-1
Activator function-1
AF-2
Activator function-2
AP-1
Activator protein-1
βARK
β-Adrenergic receptor kinase
cAMP
Cyclic adenosine-3′,5′-monophosphate
CARM
Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase
CBP
CREB-binding protein
cGMP
Cyclic guanosine-3′,5′-monophosphate
CNP
C-type natriuretic peptide
CREB
cAMP response element binding protein
DAG
Diacylglycerol
DBD
DNA-binding domain
DRIP
Vitamin D receptor-interacting protein
EGF
Epidermal growth factor
ER
Estrogen receptor
ERE
Estrogen response element
ERK
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
FAD
Flavin adenine dinucleotide
FGF
Fibroblast growth factor
FMN
Flavin mononucleotide
GAP
GTPase-activating protein
GDP
Guanosine diphosphate
GH
Growth hormone
GLUT 4
Glucose transporter type 4
GR
Glucocorticoid receptor
GRB2
Growth factor receptor-bound protein-2
GRH
Growth hormone-releasing hormone
GRIP
Glucocorticoid receptor interacting protein
GSK3
Glycogen synthase kinase-3
GTF
General transcription factor
GTP
Guanosine triphosphate
HRE
Hormone response element
HSP
Heat shock protein
ID
Receptor-repressor interaction domain
IGF
Insulin-like growth factor
IP3
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
IP4
Inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakis-phosphate
JAK
Janus kinase
LBD
Ligand-binding domain
LH
Luteinizing hormone
MAPK
Mitogen-activated protein kinase
MEK
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase
MR
Mineralocorticoid receptor
MSH
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
N-Cor
Nuclear receptor corepressor
NPR
Natriuretic peptide receptor
NR
Nuclear receptor
NRTPK
Nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinase
P/CAF
p300/CBP-associated factor
P/CIP
p300/CBP cointegrator-associated protein
PDGF
Platelet-derived growth factor
PDK
Phosphatidyl inositol-3,4,5-triphosphate-dependent kinase
6-PFK
6-Phosphofructokinase
PI-3K
Phosphoinositide-3-OH kinase
PIP2
Phosphoinositol bisphosphate
PIP3
Phosphatidyl inositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
PI(3,4)P2
Phosphatidyl inositol-3,4,5-bisphosphate
PKA
cAMP-dependent protein kinase
PKB
Protein kinase B
PKC
Protein kinase C
PKG
cGMP-dependent protein kinase
PLCβ
Phospholipase C beta
PLCγ
Phospholipase C gamma
PLCPC
Phosphatidylcholine-selective phospholipase
POF II
RNA polymerase
PPARγ
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
PR
Progesterone receptor
PTH
Parathyroid hormone
RAR
Retinoic acid receptor
RE
Response element
RSK
Ribosomal S6 kinase
RXR
Retinoid X receptor
SH2
Src homology domain type 2
SIE
sis-inducible element
SMRT
Silencing mediator for RXR and TR
SOS
Son-of-sevenless
SR
Steroid receptor
SRC
Steroid receptor coactivator
SRE
Serum response element
SRF
Serum response factor
STAT
Signal transducers and activators of transcription
SWI/SNF
ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex
TBP
TATA-binding protein
TPA
12-O-Tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate
TR
Thyroid hormone receptor
TRAP
Thyroid hormone receptor-associated protein
TRE
TPA response element
TSH
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
V2
Type 2 vasopressin receptor
VDR
Vitamin D receptor
Abbreviations - Chapter 4 Endocrine Autoimmunity
AADC
Aromatic L-amino decarboxylase
ACA
Antibodies recognizing the adrenal cortex
ADCC
Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytoxicity
AICD
Activation-induced cell death
AIRE
Autoimmune regulator gene
APECED
Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy
APS
Autommune polyglandular syndrome
BB
Bio breeding
BCR
B cell receptor
cAMP
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
Ca-SR
Calcium-sensing receptor
CD
Cluster of differentiation
CTLA
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen
DPT
Diabetes Prevention Trial
FRTL
Fisher rat thyroid cell line
GABA
Gamma-aminobutyric acid
GAD
Glutamic acid decarboxylase
HLA
Human leukocyte antigen
IA-2
Islet cell antigen-2 (tyrosine phosphatase)
IL
Interleukin
INF
Interferon
LFA
Lymphocyte function-associated antigen
MHC
Major histocompatibility complex
NK
Natural killer (cells)
NOD
Nonobese diabetic (mice)
SCA
Steroid-producing cell antibodies
SCID
Spontaneous combined immunodeficiency
TAP
Transporter associated with antigen processing
TBI
Thyrotropin binding inhibition
TCR
T cell receptor
TD
Thymus-dependent
Tg
Thyroglobulin
TI
Thymus-independent
TNF
Tumor necrosis factor
TPO
Thyroperoxidase
TSH
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
TSH-R
Thyrotropin receptor
TSI
Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin
VNTR
Variable number if tandem repeats
Abbreviations - Chapter 5 Hypothalamus & Pituitary Gland
ACTH
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
ADH
Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)
bFGF
Basic fibroblast growth factor
cAMP
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
CLIP
Corticotropin-like intermediate lobe peptide
CRH
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
CRHBP
CRH-binding protein
DI
Diabetes insipidus
DIDMOAD
Diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, deafness (Wolfram's syndrome)
FSH
Follicle-stimulating hormone
GABA
Gamma-aminobutyric acid
GAP
GnRH-associated peptide
GH
Growth hormone (somatotropin)
GHBH
Growth hormone-binding protein
GHRH
Growth hormone-releasing hormone
GnRH
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
hCG
Human chorionic gonadotropin
hMG
Human menopausal gonadotropin
ICSH
Intersititial (Leydig) cell-stimulating hormone
IGF
Insulin-like growth factor
LH
Luteinizing hormone
β-LPH
β-Lipotropin
MEN
Multiple endocrine neoplasia
MRI
Magnetic resonance imaging
MSH
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
PAS
Periodic acid-Schiff (histochemical staging reaction)
PIH
Prolactin-inhibiting hormone
POMC
Pro-opiomelanocortin
PRL
Prolactin
SHBG
Sex hormone-binding globulin
SIADH
Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone
TRH
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
TSH
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (thyrotropin)
VIP
Vasoactive intestinal peptide
Abbreviations - Chapter 6 Growth
ACTH
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
BMI
Body mass index
cAMP
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
CRF
Corticotropin-releasing factor
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid
EGF
Epidermal growth factor
EGF-R
Epidermal growth factor receptor
FGF
Fibroblast growth factor
FGF-R
Fibroblast growth factor receptor
GH
Growth hormone
GHBP
Growth hormone-binding protein
GHRH
Growth hormone-releasing hormone
GHRP
Growth hormone-releasing peptide
GnRH
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
hCG
Human chorionic gonadotropin
hCS
Human chorionic somatomammotropin
hGH
Human growth hormone
IGF
Human insulin-like growth factor (somatomedin)
IGF-I
Human insulin-like growth factor 1
IGF-II
Human insulin-like growth factor 2
IGFBP
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein
IUGR
Intrauterine growth retardation or restriction
LH
Luteinizing hormone
LS
Lower segment
NCHS
National Center for Health Statistics
PDGF
Platelet-derived growth factor
PTH
Parathyroid hormone
RTA
Renal tubular acidosis
RWT
Roche, Wainer, and Thissen method of height prediction
SGA
Small for gestational age
TBG
Thyroid hormone-binding globulin
TRH
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
TSH
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (thyrotropin)
US
Upper segment
Abbreviations - Chapter 7 The Thyroid Gland
CGRP
Calcitonin gene-related peptide
5′-DI
5′-Deiodinase
DIT
Diiodotyrosine
ELISA
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
FMTC
Familial medullary thyroid cancer
FNAB
Fine-needle aspiration biopsy
FT4
Free thyroxine
FT4D
Free thyroxine by dialysis
FT4I
Free thyroxine index
GRTH
Generalized resistance to thyroid hormone
hTG
Human thyroglobulin
hTR
Human thyroid hormone receptor
IP3
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
LATS
Long-acting thyroid stimulator (TSH-R Ab [stim])
MIT
Monoiodotyrosine
PBI
Protein-bound iodine
perRTH
Peripheral resistance to thyroid hormones
PIP2
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
PRTH
Pituitary resistance to thyroid hormone
RAIU
Radioactive iodine uptake
RER
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
rhTSH
Recombinant human TSH
RIA
Radioimmunoassay
rT3
Reverse T3;3,3′,5′-triiodothyronine
RT4U
Resin T4 uptake
RXR-DBD
Retinoid X receptor DNA-binding domain
RXR-LBD
Retinoid X receptor ligand-binding domain
T2
Diiodothyronine
T3
3,5,3′-Triiodothyronine, liothyro-nine
T4
Tetraiodothyronine, levothyroxine
TBG
Thyroxine-binding globulin
TBII
Thyrotropin binding inhibiting immune globulin
TBP
Thyroxine-binding protein
TBPA
Thyroxine-binding prealbumin; transthyretin
Tg
Thyroglobulin
THBR
Thyroid hormone binding ratio
TPO
Thyroperoxidase
TR-DBD
T3 receptor DNA-binding domain
TRE
Thyroid hormone response element
TRH
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
TRH-R
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor
TRIAC
Triiodothyroacetic acid
TR-LBD
T3 receptor ligand-binding domain
TSH
Thyroid-stimulating hormone; thyrotropin
TSH-R
TSH receptor
TSH-RAb [block]
TSH receptor-blocking antibody
TSH-R Ab [stim]
TSH receptor-stimulating antibody
Abbreviations - Chapter 8 Metabolic Bone Disease
ADHR
Autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets
AIRE
Autoimmune regulator
BMD
Bone mineral density
BMU
Basic multicellular unit
CGRP
Calcitonin gene-related peptide
DBP
Vitamin D-binding protein
DXA
Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry
FBHH
Familial benign hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
ICMA
Immunochemiluminescent assay
IP3
Inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate
IRMA
Immunoradiometric assay
MEN
Multiple endocrine neoplasia
ODF
Osteoclast differentiation factor
OPG
Osteoprotegerin
PHP
Pseudohypoparathyroidism
PIP2
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate
PPHP
Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism
PTH
Parathyroid hormone
PTHrP
Parathyroid hormone-related protein
RANKL
Receptor activator of NF-kβ ligand
SERMS
Selective estrogen response modulators
VDR
Vitamin D receptor
VDRE
Vitamin D response element
Abbreviations - Chapter 9 Glucocorticoids & Adrenal Androgens
ACTH
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
ADH
Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)
APCED
Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy syndrome (autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1)
AVP
Arginine vasopressin
cAMP
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
CBG
Corticosteroid-binding globulin
CRH
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
DHEA
Dehydroepiandrosterone acetate
DOC
Deoxycorticosterone
GH
Growth hormone
GIP
Gastrointestinal inhibitory polypeptide
GnRH
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
HLA
Human leukocyte antigen
HPLC
High-performance liquid chromatography
IPSS
Inferior petrosal sinus sampling
IRMA
Immunoradiometric assay
LH
Luteinizing hormone
LPH
Lipotropin
PEPCK
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
PLA
Phospholipase A
PMN
Polymorphonuclear neutrophil
PNMT
Phenylethanolamine-N-methyltrans ferase
PRA
Plasma rennin activity
PRL
Prolactin
PTH
Parathyroid hormone
REM
Rapid eye movement
SHBG
Sex hormone-binding globulin
StAR
Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein
TBG
Thyroxine-binding globulin
TRH
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
TSH
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (thyrotropin)
VLCFA
Very long chain fatty acid
Abbreviations - Chapter 10 Endocrine Hypertension
ACE
Angiotensin-converting enzyme
ACTH
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
ANP
Atrial natriuretic peptide
ARB
Angiotensin receptor blocker
BNP
Brain natriuretic peptide
CBG
Corticosteroid-binding globulin
CNP
C-type natriuretic peptide
DHEA
Dehydroepiandrosterone
DHEAS
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate
DOC
Deoxycorticosterone
EDRF
Endothelium-derived relaxing factor
GFR
Glomerular filtration rate
MRA
Magnetic resonance angiography
SGK
Serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase
THE
Tetrahydrocortisone
THF
Tetrahydrocortisol
WNK
With no K (K lysine)
Abbreviations - Chapter 11 Adrenal Medulla
ACTH
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
ATP
Adenosine triphosphate
cAMP
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
CgA
Chromogramin A
COMT
Catechol-O-methyltransferase
CRH
Corticosteroid-releasing hormone
DBH
Dopamine β-hydroxylase
DHMA
Dihydroxymandelic acid
DHPG
Dihydroxphenylglycol
HPLC
High-pressure liquid chromatography
IP3
Inositol trisphosphate
MAO
Monoamine oxidase
MEN
Multiple endocrine neoplasia
MIBG
Metaiodobenzylguanidine
PGE
Prostaglandin E
PNMT
Phenylethanolamine-N-methyl-transferase
VIP
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide
VMA
Vanillylmandelic acid (3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic acid)
Abbreviations - Chapter 12 Testes
ACTH
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
cAMP
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
DHEA
Dehydroepiandrosterone acetate
DHT
Dihydrotestosterone
FSH
Follicle-stimulating hormone
GnRH
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
hCG
Human chorionic gonadotropin
ICSI
Intracyloplasmic sperm injection
IVF
In vitro fertilization
LH
Luteinizing hormone
mRNA
Messenger ribonucleic acid
PRL
Prolactin
SHBG
Sex hormone-binding globulin
Abbreviations - Chapter 13 Female Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility
ACTH
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
AIS
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
AMH
Anti-müllerian hormone
ART
Assisted reproductive therapy
BBT
Basal body temperature
BMD
Bone mineral density
cAMP
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
CRH
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
DHEA
Dehydroepiandrostenedione
DHEAS
Dehydroepiandrostenedione sulfate
EGF
Epidermal growth factor
FSH
Follicle-stimulating hormone
GH
Growth hormone
GnRH
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
hCG
Human chorionic gonadotropin
HDL
High-density lipoprotein
HPO
Hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (axis)
HRT
Hormone replacement therapy
HSD
Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
IGF
Insulin-like growth factor
IGFBP
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein
IUD
Intrauterine device
IUI
Intrauterine insemination
IVF
In vitro fertilization
LDL
Low-density lipoprotein
LH
Luteinizing hormone
MBH
Medial basal hypothalamus
MMP
Matrix metalloproteinase
MPA
Medroxyprogesterone acetate
MRI
Magnetic resonance imaging
OMI
Oocyte maturation inhibitor
PCOS
Polycystic ovarian syndrome
PG
Prostaglandin
PID
Pelvic inflammatory disease
PIT-1
Transcription factor for pituitary hormone
POF
Premature ovarian failure
PRL
Prolactin
PROP-1
Transcription factor for pituitary hormone
REM
Rapid eye movement
SERMs
Selective estrogen receptor modulators
SHBG
Sex hormone binding globulin
SRY
Sex-determining region of the Y gene
StAR
Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein
TGF
Transforming growth factor
TSH
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
VEGF
Vascular endothelial growth factor
Abbreviations - Chapter 14 Abnormalities of Sexual Determination & Differentiation
ACTH
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
AHC
Adrenal hypoplasia congenita
AMH
Anti-müllerian hormone
CAH
Congential adrenal hyperplasia
CMPD1
Campomelic dysplasia
DAX1
DSS-AHC-critical region on the X chromosome gene 1
DAZ
Deleted in azoospermia
DHEA
Dehydroepiandrosterone
DHT
Dihydrotestosterone
DMD
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
DMRT1
Double sex Mab3-related transcription factor gene 1
DSS
Dosage-sensitive sex reversal
FISH
Fluorescent in situ hybridization
FSH
Follicle-stimulating hormone
GH
Growth hormone
GK
Glycerol kinase
GM-CSF
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
GnRH
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
hCG
Human chorionic gonadotropin
HMG
High mobility group
IGF
Insulin-like growth factor
LH
Luteinizing hormone
PAR
Pseudoautosomal region
RFLP
Restriction fragment length polymorphism
SF-1
Steroidogenic factor-1
SHBG
Sex hormone-binding globulin
SOX-9
SRY-like HMG box-9
SRY
Sex-determining region Y
StAR
Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein
TGF
Transforming growth factor
WAGR
Wilms tumor-aniridia-genital anomalies-mental retardation syndrome
WNT4
Human homolog of drosophila wingless gene
WT-1
Wilms tumor repressor gene
XIC
X inactivation center
XIST
X-inactive specific transcripts
ZFY
Zinc finger Y
Abbreviations - Chapter 15 Puberty
ACAT
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
cAMP
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
DHEA
Dehydroepiandrosterone
DHEAS
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate
FSH
Follicle-stimulating hormone
GH
Growth hormone
GnRH
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
hCG
Human chorionic gonadotropin
hGH
Human growth hormone
ICMA
Immunochemiluminometric assay
IGF-1
Insulin-like growth factor-1
IRMA
Immunoradiometric assay
LH
Luteinizing hormone
PRL
Prolactin
PSA
Prostate-specific antigen
RIA
Radioimmunoassay
SHBG
Sex hormone-binding globulin
TGF-2
Transforming growth factor-2
TSH
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (thyrotropin)
Abbreviations - Chapter 16 The Endocrinology of Pregnancy
ACTH
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
cAMP
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
CBG
Corticosteroid-binding globulin
CRH
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
CT
Computed tomography
DHEA
Dehydroepiandrosterone acetate
DOC
Deoxycorticosterone
EGF
Epidermal growth factor
FGF
Fibroblast growth factor
FSH
Follicle-stimulating hormone
GH
Growth hormone
GnRH
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
hCG
Human chorionic gonadotropin
hPL
Human placental lactogen
IGF
Insulin-like growth factor
LH
Luteotropic hormone
MRI
Magnetic resonance imaging
PDGF
Platelet-derived growth factor
PRL
Prolactin
SHBG
Sex hormone-binding globulin
TBG
Thyroid hormone-binding globulin
TGF
Transforming growth factor
TRH
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
TSH
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (thyrotropin)
TSI
Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin
Abbreviations - Chapter 17 Pancreatic Hormones Diabetes Mellitus
ADA
American Diabetes Association
ADH
Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)
ATP
Adenosine triphosphate
cAMP
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
CBMW
Capillary basement membrane width
CCK
Cholecystokinin
DID-
Diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus,
MOAD
optic atrophy, and neural deafness (Wolfram's syndrome)
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid
FDA
Food and Drug Administration
GAD
Glutamic acid decarboxylase
GH
Growth hormone
GI
Glycemic index
GIP
Gastric inhibitory polypeptide
GLP-1
Glucagon-like peptide 1
GLP-2
Glucagon-like peptide 2
HDL
High-density lipoprotein(s)
HLA
Human leukocyte antigen
IRS-1
Insulin receptor substrate-1
MODY
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young
NPH
Neutral protamine Hagedorn
PP
Pancreatic polypeptide
RNA
Ribonucleic acid
SSTR
Somatostatin receptor
UGDP
University Group Diabetes Program
UKPDS
United Kingdom Prospective Diabetic Study
VLDL
Very low density lipoprotein(s)
VNTR
Variable number of tandem repeats
Abbreviations - Chapter 19 Disorders of Lipoprotein Metabolism
ABCA-1
ATP binding cassette transporter A1
ACAT
Acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase
Apo-
Apolipoprotein
CETP
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein
FFA
Free fatty acids
HDL
High-density lipoprotein(s)
HMG-CoA
Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA
IDL
Intermediate-density lipoprotein(s)
LCAT
Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase
LDL
Low-density lipoprotein(s)
Lp(a)
Lipoprotein(a)
LPL
Lipoprotein lipase
LPR
LDL receptor-related protein
MCP-1
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
NASH
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
PDGF
Platelet-derived growth factor
PLTP
Phospholipid transfer protein
PPARα
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha
SR-BI
Scavenger receptor, class B, type 1
VLDL
Very low density lipoprotein(s)
Abbreviations - Chapter 20 Obesity & Overweight
BMI
Body mass index
DRI
Dietary reference intakes
FFM
Fat-free mass
LBM
Lean body mass
REE
Resting energy expenditure
RQ
Respiratory quotient
SNS
Sympathetic nervous system
TEE
Total energy expenditure
Abbreviations - Chapter 21 Humoral Manifestations of Malignancy
APUD
Amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (cell)
CRH
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
FGF
Fibroblast growth factor
GHRH
Growth hormone-releasing hormone
hCG
Human chorionic gonadotropin
HTLV-1
Human T cell leukemia virus type 1
IGF
Insulin-like growth factor
POMC
Proopiomelanocortin
PTH
Parathyroid hormone
PTHrP
Parathyroid hormone-related protein
VIP
Vasoactive intestinal peptide
Abbreviations - Chapter 22 Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia
ACTH
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
CT
Computed tomography
GDNF
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor
GDNFR
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor receptor
MCT
Medullary carcinoma of thyroid
MEN
Multiple endocrine neoplasia
MRI
Magnetic resonance imaging
PI-3′K
Phosphatidyl inositol 3′-kinase
PTH
Parathyroid hormone
SMAD
Vertebrate homologs to C elegans Sma and drosophila Mad proteins
TGFβ
Transforming growth factor beta
ZES
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Abbreviations - Chapter 23 Geriatric Endocrinology
ACTH
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
AVP
Arginine vasopressin
BMD
Bone mineral density
cAMP
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
CRH
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
DHEA
Dehydroepiandrosterone
DHEAS
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate
FSH
Follicle-stimulating hormone
hCG
Human chorionic gonadotropin
HPA
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
LH
Luteinizing hormone
LHRH
Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
NPH
Neutral protamine Hagedorn
PSA
Prostate-specific antigen
PTH
Parathyroid hormone
SERMS
Selective estrogen receptor modulators
SIADH
Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone
TRH
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
TSH
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (thyrotropin)
Abbreviations - Chapter 24 Endocrine Emergencies
ACTH
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
ADH
Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)
ARDS
Adult respiratory distress syndrome
DIDMOAD
Diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, opticatrophy deafness
GFR
Glomerular filtration rate
PTH
Parathyroid hormone
PTHrP
Parathyroid hormone-related protein
SIADH
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion
TSH
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Abbreviations - Chapter 25 AIDS Endocrinopathies
ACTH
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
AIDS
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
CMV
Cytomegalovirus
CRH
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
DHEA
Dehydroepiandrosterone
GH
Growth hormone
GnRH
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
HDL
High-density lipoproteins
HIV
Human-immunodeficiency virus
IGF
Insulin-like growth factor
IL
Interleukin
LDL
Low-density lipoproteins
LH
Luteinizing hormone
PRA
Plasma renin activity
PTH
Parathyroid hormone
T3
Triiodothyronine
T4
Thyroxine
TBG
Thyroxine-binding globulin
TNF
Tumor necrosis factor
TRH
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
TSH
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
VLDL
Very low density lipoproteins