Brand names Asmanex, Elocon, Nasonex
Used in the following combined preparations None
QUICK REFERENCE
Drug group Corticosteroid
Overdose danger rating Low
Dependence rating Low
Prescription needed Yes
Available as generic No
GENERAL INFORMATION
Mometasone is a corticosteroid drug used as an inhaler to prevent asthma attacks and as a nasal spray to relieve the symptoms of allergic rhinitis. It is also used topically for the treatment of severe inflammatory skin disorders and in conditions such as eczema that have not responded to other corticosteroids (see Topical corticosteroids).
Serious adverse effects are rare if the drug is used for short periods or in small amounts, but prolonged or excessive topical use may cause local side effects such as thin skin and systemic side effects such as osteoporosis, muscle weakness, and peptic ulcers.
Fungal infections causing irritation of the mouth and throat are a possible side effect of inhaling mometasone. These can be avoided to some degree by rinsing the mouth and gargling with water after each inhalation.
INFORMATION FOR USERS
Your drug prescription is tailored for you. Do not alter dosage without checking with your doctor.
How taken/used Cream, ointment, scalp lotion, inhaler, powder for inhalation, nasal spray.
Frequency and timing of doses 1 x 2 times daily (inhaler); once daily (other forms).
Adult dosage range Inhaler 200–800mcg. Nasal spray 100mcg (2 puffs) into each nostril. Topical preparations As directed, applied thinly.
Onset of effect 12 hours. Full beneficial effect after 48 hours.
Duration of action 24 hours. Effects can last for several days after the drug is stopped.
Diet advice None.
Storage Keep in original container at room temperature out of the reach of children.
Missed dose Take as soon as you remember. If your next dose/application is due within 8 hours, take a single dose or apply the usual amount now and skip the next.
Stopping the drug Do not stop the drug without consulting your doctor; symptoms may recur.
Exceeding the dose An occasional unintentional extra dose/application may not be a cause for concern, but if you notice any unusual symptoms, notify your doctor.
POSSIBLE ADVERSE EFFECTS
Serious adverse effects are unlikely when mometasone is used at low doses and/or for short periods. With the inhaler or nasal spray, the most common side effects are nasal irritation, cough, and bruising. Discuss with your doctor if these are severe or if you develop a sore throat or hoarseness or have nosebleeds. More serious side effects, such as permanent skin changes, may occur with the long-term use of the cream or ointment, which should not normally be used on the face. Discuss with your doctor if you notice any such changes. Long-term use of any preparation of mometasone may cause various disorders (see Prolonged use).
INTERACTIONS
Ketoconazole and itraconazole may increase mometasone’s systemic effect.
SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS
Be sure to tell your doctor if:
· You have had tuberculosis or another respiratory infection.
· You have any other nasal or skin infection.
· You have had recent nasal ulcers or nasal surgery.
Pregnancy Safety not established. Discuss with your doctor.
Breast-feeding No evidence of risk. Discuss with your doctor.
Infants and children Only used for very short courses in children.
Over 60 No special problems.
Driving and hazardous work No special problems.
Alcohol No special problems.
PROLONGED USE
Long-term use can lead to peptic ulcers, glaucoma, muscle weakness, osteoporosis, growth retardation in children, and, rarely, adrenal gland suppression. Prolonged use of topical treatment may also lead to skin thinning. Patients on long-term treatment should carry a steroid card or wear a MedicAlert bracelet.
Monitoring Periodic checks on adrenal gland function may be required if large doses are being taken. Children should have their height monitored.