Class: Neuraminidase Inhibitor, Antiviral
Dosage Forms. Capsule: 30 mg, 45 mg, 75 mg; Powder for Suspension: 6 mg/mL
Common FDA Label Indication, Dosing, and Titration.
1. Influenza virus types A and B, treatment: Children over 1 y and <15 kg, 30 mg po bid × 5 d; 15-23 kg, 45 mg po bid × 5 d; 23-40 kg, 60 mg po bid × 5 d; Adults and Children >40 kg: 75 mg po bid × 5 d
2. Influenza virus types A and B, prophylaxis: Same dose as for treatment; may dose for 6 wk during a community outbreak
Off-Label Uses. Influenza virus types A and B, prophylaxis: Children >2 wk and <3 mo of age, 3 mg/kg/d for up to 6 wk during community outbreak
MOA. Oseltamivir is an inhibitor of influenza virus neuraminidase affecting release of viral particles.
Drug Characteristics: Oseltamivir
Medication Safety Issues: Oseltamivir
Drug Interactions: Oseltamivir
Adverse Reactions: Oseltamivir
Efficacy Monitoring Parameters. Prevention or resolution of influenza infection symptoms.
Toxicity Monitoring Parameters. Seek care if heart palpitations, shortness of breath, severe rash, swelling, confusion, or anxiety occurs.
Key Patient Counseling Points. Complete full course of therapy. Symptoms should improve within 2-3 d; if they worsen, seek care.
Clinical Pearls. Candidates for prophylaxis include close contacts of a confirmed or suspected case during their infectious period who are at high-risk for influenza complications, healthcare workers and emergency medical personnel, and pregnant women; treatment must start within 48 h of exposure. Capsules may be opened and administered in liquid or via nasogastric tube. Severely ill patients may require longer treatment.