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Figure 1.1—Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2015, Scientific report of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee. [Online]. Available: http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015-scientific-report/ [July 26, 2016].
Figure 1.2—Data from U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 2016, How to use data 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/How-to-Use-DATA2020 [July 26, 2016].
Figure 1.3—Data from U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 2016, How to use data 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/How-to-Use-DATA2020 [July 26, 2016].
Figure 1.4—Republished with permission of National Sleep Foundation, based on image available at http://sleepfoundation.org/sites/default/files/STREPchanges_1.png [September 16, 2016]. Permission conveyed through Copyright Clearance Center, Inc.
Figure 2.1—Reprinted with permission from the PAR-Q+ Collaboration and the authors of the PAR-Q+ (Dr. Darren Warburton, Dr. Norman Gledhill, Dr. Veronica Jamnik, and Dr. Shannon Bredin).
Figure 2.2—Adapted, by permission, from American College of Sports Medicine, 2018, ACSM’s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, 10th ed. (Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins).
Table 3.1—Adapted, by permission, from M.H. Williams, 2007, Nutrition for health, fitness, & sport, 8th ed. (New York: McGraw-Hill), 404.
Table 3.2—Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Nutrient Data Laboratory. USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 28. Version Current: September 2015, slightly revised May 2016. Internet: http://www.ars.usda.gov/nea/bhnrc/ndl.
Figure 3.1—Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, n.d., How to understand and use the nutrition facts label. [Online]. Available: http://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceRegulation/GuidanceDocumentsRegulatoryInformation/LabelingNutrition/ucm385663.htm#highlights [May 21, 2016].
Table 3.3—Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Nutrient Data Laboratory. USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 28. Version Current: September 2015, slightly revised May 2016. Internet: http://www.ars.usda.gov/nea/bhnrc/ndl.
Table 3.4—Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture. 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. 8th Edition. December 2015. Available at http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/guidelines/.
Table 3.5—Sources: Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine, n.d., Dietary reference intakes. [Online]. Available: http://fnic.nal.usda.gov/dietary-guidance/dietary-reference-intakes [October 28, 2015]; U.S. National Library of Medicine, n.d., MedlinePlus. [Online]. Available: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ [October 5, 2015].
Figure 3.2—Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, n.d., How to understand and use the nutrition facts label. [Online]. Available: http://www.fda.gov/food/ingredientspackaginglabeling/labelingnutrition/ucm274593.htm [May 21, 2016].
Figure 3.3—USDA Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion
Figure 4.1—Adapted, by permission, from American College of Sports Medicine, 2014, ACSM’s behavioral aspects of physical activity and exercise, edited by C.R. Nigg (Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins), 284.
Table 4.1—Reprinted from U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, 2011, Adding physical activity to your life. [Online]. Available: http://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/basics/adding-pa/barriers.html [November 16, 2015].
Table 4.2—Sources: USDA Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, n.d., ChooseMyPlate. [Online]. Available: http://www.choosemyplate.gov/ [November 4, 2015]; Health Canada, n.d., Overcome barriers. [Online]. Available: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/food-guide-aliment/maintain-adopt/obstacles-eng.php [November 14, 2015].
Figure 4.3—Adapted from B. Bushman and J.C. Young, 2005, Action plan for menopause (Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics), 188.
Figure 4.4—From ACSM, 2017, ACSM’s complete guide to fitness & health, 2nd ed. (Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics). Adapted, by permission, from J. Buckworth, 2012, Behavior change. In Fitness professional’s handbook, 6th ed., by E.T. Howley and D.L. Thompson (Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics), 432.
Table 5.1—Adapted, by permission, from American College of Sports Medicine, 2018, ACSM’s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, 10th ed. (Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
Figure 5.3—Adapted, by permission, from R.E. Rikli and C.J. Jones, 2013, Senior fitness test manual, 2nd ed. (Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics), 76.
Table 5.2—Adapted, by permission, from R.E. Rikli and C.J. Jones, 2013, Senior fitness test manual, 2nd ed. (Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics), 89, 90.
Table 5.3—Adapted, by permission, from The Cooper Institute, 2017, FitnessGram administration manual: The journey to MyHealthyZone , 5th ed. (Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics), 86, 87.
Figure 5.4—Adapted from B. Bushman and J.C. Young, 2005, Action plan for menopause (Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics), 35.
Table 5.4—Adapted, by permission, from American College of Sports Medicine, 2018, ACSM’s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, 10th ed. (Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins).
Table 5.6—Adapted, by permission, from American College of Sports Medicine, 2018, ACSM’s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, 10th ed. (Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins).
Table 5.7—Source: B.E. Ainsworth, W.L. Haskell, S.D. Herrmann, N. Meckes, D.R. Bassett Jr., C. Tudor-Locke, J.L. Greer, J. Vezina, M.C. Whitt-Glover, and A.S. Leon, n.d., The compendium of physical activities tracking guide. Healthy Lifestyles Research Center, College of Nursing & Health Innovation, Arizona State University. [Online]. Available: https://sites.google.com/site/compendiumofphysicalactivities [September 21, 2015].
Table 6.1—Data provided by The Cooper Institute. Physical Fitness Assessments and Norms for Adults and Law Enforcement (2013). Used with permission.
Table 6.2—Data provided by The Cooper Institute, 1994. Used with permission. Study population for the data set was predominantly white and college educated. A Universal DVR machine was used to measure the 1RM.
Table 6.3—Source: Physical Activity Training for Health (CSEP-PATH) Resource Manual, © 2013. Adapted with permission from the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology.
Table 6.4—Adapted, by permission, from The Cooper Institute, 2017, FitnessGram administration manual: The journey to MyHealthyZone , 5th ed. (Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics), 86, 87.
Table 6.5—Adapted, by permission, from R.E. Rikli and C.J. Jones, 2013, Senior fitness test manual, 2nd ed. (Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics), 89, 90.
Table 7.1—Adapted, by permission, from R.E. Rikli and C.J. Jones, 2013, Senior fitness test manual, 2nd ed. (Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics), 89, 90.
Table 7.2—Adapted, by permission, from R.E. Rikli and C.J. Jones, 2013, Senior fitness test manual, 2nd ed. (Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics), 89, 90.
Table 8.1—Adapted from B.A. Springer, R. Marin, T. Cyhan, H. Roberts, and N.W. Gill, 2007, “Normative values for the unipedal stance test with eyes open and closed,” Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy 30(1): 8-15.
Table 8.2—Adapted from P.W. Duncan, D.K. Weiner, J. Chandler, and S. Studenski, 1990, “Functional reach: A new clinical measure of balance,” Journal of Gerontology 45(6): M192-M197.
Figure 8.3—Adapted from H. Edgren, 1932, “An experiment in the testing of agility and progress in basketball,” Research Quarterly 3(1): 159-171.
Figure 8.4—Adapted from K. Pauole, K. Madole, J. Garhammer, M. Lacourse, and R. Rozenek, 2000, “Reliability and validity of the T-test as a measure of agility, leg power, and leg speed in college-aged men and women,”Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 14(4): 443-450.
Table 8.3—Adapted from K. Pauole, K. Madole, J. Garhammer, M. Lacourse, and R. Rozenek, 2000, “Reliability and validity of the T-test as a measure of agility, leg power, and leg speed in college-aged men and women,”Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 14(4): 443-450.
Table 8.4—Adapted, by permission, from R.E. Rikli and C.J. Jones, 2013, Senior fitness test manual, 2nd ed. (Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics), 89, 90.
Figure 9.1(a-b)—Developed by the National Center for Health Statistics in collaboration with the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 2000. [Online]. Available: http://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/childrens_bmi/about_childrens_bmi.html [August 9, 2016].
Table 9.1—Reprinted, by permission, from S.G. Gidding et al., 2005, “Dietary recommendations for children and adolescents: A guide for practitioners,” Circulation 112(13): 2061-2075. © American Heart Association, Inc.
Table 9.2—Data from USDA Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion.
Table 9.3—Adapted from U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2008, 2008 physical activity guidelines for Americans. [Online]. Available: www.health.gov/paguidelines [August 10, 2016].
Figure 9.2—© Human Kinetics
Table 9.4—Adapted from U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2008, 2008 physical activity guidelines for Americans. [Online]. Available: www.health.gov/paguidelines [August 10, 2016].
Figure 9.4—Reprinted from Journal of Pediatrics 146(6), W.B. Strong, R.M. Malina, C.J.R. Blimkie, et al., “Evidence based physical activity for school-age youth,” 732-737, Copyright 2005, with permission from Elsevier.
Figure 10.1—Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, n.d., Healthy people 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/How-to-Use-DATA2020 [September 2, 2015].
Table 10.1—Sources: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplement, n.d., Vitamin and mineral supplement fact sheets. [Online]. Available: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/list-VitaminsMinerals/ [October 29, 2015]; and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, n.d., Dietary guidelines. [Online]. Available: http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/ [November 4, 2015].
Table 10.2—Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture. 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. 8th Edition. December 2015. Available at http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/guidelines/chapter-1/a-closer-look-inside-healthy-eating-patterns/#table-1-1 [August 10, 2016].
Table 12.1—Source: American Heart Association, n.d., Understand your risk of heart attack. [Online]. Available: http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/HeartAttack/UnderstandYourRiskstoPreventaHeartAttack/Understand-Your-Risks-to-Prevent-a-Heart-Attack_UCM_002040_Article.jsp# [November 15, 2015].
Table 12.2—Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 2005, Your guide to lowering your cholesterol with TLC. [Online]. Available: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/files/docs/public/heart/chol_tlc.pdf [August 10, 2016].
Table 12.3—Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, n.d., Following the DASH eating plan. [Online]. Available: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/dash/followdash [August 10, 2016].
Figure 13.1—© Human Kinetics
Table 13.2—Adapted, by permission, from American College of Sports Medicine, 2018, ACSM’s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, 10th ed. (Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
Table 13.3—Adapted, by permission, from American College of Sports Medicine, 2018, ACSM’s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, 10th ed. (Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
Figure 15.1—Source: National Institutes of Health and Human Services, National Institute on Aging, n.d., Alzheimer’s Disease fact sheet. [Online]. Available: https://www.nia.nih.gov/alzheimers/publication/alzheimers-disease-fact-sheet#changes [August 10, 2016].
Table 15.2—Adapted from M.C. Morris, C.C. Tangney, Y. Wang, F.M. Sacks, D.A. Bennett, and N.T. Aggarwal, 2015, “MIND diet associated with reduced incidence of Alzheimer’s Disease,” Alzheimer’s & Dementia 11(3): 1007-1014.
Table 16.1—Adapted from Institute of Medicine, 2011, Dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D (Washington, DC: National Academies), 349.
Table 16.2—Source: National Osteoporosis Foundation, n.d., A guide to calcium-rich foods. [Online]. Available: https://www.nof.org/patients/treatment/calciumvitamin-d/ [September 16, 2016].
Table 16.3—Data from National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplement, n.d., Vitamin D fact sheet for professionals. [Online]. Available: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminD-HealthProfessional/ [September 2, 2016].
Table 16.4—Adapted from Institute of Medicine, 2005, Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein, and amino acids (Washington, DC: National Academies), 621-649.
Table 16.5—Adapted, by permission, from American College of Sports Medicine, 2018, ACSM’s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, 10th ed. (Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
Figure 18.1—Adapted from U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 1998, Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: The evidence report. [Online]. Available: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/educational/lose_wt/BMI/bmi_tbl.pdf
[September 22, 2016].
Table 18.2—Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture. 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. 8th Edition. December 2015. Available at http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/guidelines/.
Table 19.1—From Institute of Medicine and National Research Council of the National Academies, Weight gain during pregnancy: Reexaminining the guidelines. Adapted with permission from the National Academies Press, Copyright 2009, National Academy of Sciences.
Table 19.2—Reprinted with permission from Physical activity and exercise during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Committee Opinion No. 650. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Obstet Gynecol 2015; 126: e135–e142.
Table 19.3—Adapted, by permission, from J.M. Pivarnik and L. Mudd, 2009, “Oh baby! Exercise during pregnancy and the postpartum period,” ACSM’s Health & Fitness Journal 13(3): 8-13.